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Glass ceiling hangs over Asian civil service

A glass ceiling is still firmly in place for women in the top echelons of the civil service in Southeast Asia. So says Dr Susan Blackburn, Associate Professor at Australia’s Monash University, and an expert on Southeast Asian politics.

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Dr Blackburn told FutureGov that while a number of Southeast Asian countries, such as the Philippines and Indonesia, have seen an increase in women members of parliament and ministers, the slowness of this increase is more a matter for debate.

In Indonesia, for instance, there were efforts to stipulate a 30 per cent female quota for candidates for the current parliamentary and presidential - the legislation was watered down to a mere ‘recommendation’ in the end,” she said.

Changes in education are leading to changes in the sex ratios previously considered the monopoly of men. But senior positions within the civil service are an exception, noted Dr Blackburn.

In 2000, women made up 12 per cent of the 266 staff in the top level (echelon 1) decision-making positions in Indonesian government. Female representation was even less in lower levels positions. In echelon 5, which comprised 116,433 people, women made up only 18 per cent of employees.

In the civil service workforce as a whole, 36 per cent is female. But only 16 per cent of decision-making positions are held by women in Indonesia.

Other studies of women in Asian civil services show that in various ways women face difficulties in getting promotion. For instance, it is often necessary to move around to get a higher ranking position, and women are less mobile than men for family reasons,” added Dr Blackburn.

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January 2012

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